• 1. Types & Signatures — The Shape of Modern PHP
• 2. Arrays & Collections — PHP’s Most Misunderstood Feature
• 3. Objects & Data Transfer Objects (DTOs) — Representing Data in Modern PHP
• 4. Attributes — Adding Meaning Without Adding Weight
• 5. 'Match' — Declarative Branching With Shape and Intent
• 6. Nullsafe — Navigating Uncertainty Without Noise
• 7. Enums — Giving Meaningful Shape to Known Values
• 8. Readonly Properties — Making Intentional Immutability Visible
• 9. Readonly Classes — Declaring Immutable Objects With Intention
• 10. Constructor Property Promotion — Letting Objects Declare Themselves
• 11. First‑class Callables — Passing Behavior With Clarity
• 12. Short Closures (fn) — Small Functions With Clear Intent
• 13. Named Arguments — Making Calls Self‑Documenting
• 14. Union Types — Expressing Multiple Valid Shapes With Clarity
• 15. Intersection Types — Requiring Multiple Shapes at Once
• 16. Spread Operator in Arrays — Composing Structure With Ease